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O que se sabe sobre a nova variante do coronavírus

por juliana contaifer

A cepa foi detectada pela primeira vez em setembro, no sudeste da Inglaterra, e já é a variante dominante em Londres e em outras regiões do país

Segundo pesquisadores, o vírus sofreu mutação na proteína Spike e, agora, é mais eficiente para invadir as células e se reproduzir

A variante pode ser até 70% mais transmissível do que as versões anteriores do vírus, mas não parece ter taxa de letalidade superior ou causar quadro mais severo de Covid-19

A principal preocupação dos cientistas é quanto à pressão que uma quantidade maior de pacientes pode exercer sobre o sistema de saúde

Outra dúvida relevante é se a mutação da proteína pode alterar a eficácia da vacina, uma vez que a maioria delas usa justamente essa parte do vírus para ensinar o sistema imunológico a se defender

Porém, as farmacêuticas responsáveis pelos imunizantes acreditam que as mutações não devem fazer diferença. Apesar disso, a Pfizer e a Moderna já estão testando suas fórmulas contra as novas variantes

A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) defende que mutações não são surpreendentes, e que milhares já foram detectadas desde o começo da pandemia. Porém, frisa que é preciso acompanhar cada uma delas

Esta variante específica já foi encontrada em pacientes na Austrália, Itália, Dinamarca, Holanda e Islândia, mas especialistas não descartam que ela já esteja circulando em outros países

Outras variantes com mutações parecidas foram encontradas no Rio de Janeiro e na África do Sul. A cepa africana já apareceu no Reino Unido, e aparenta ser ainda mais transmissível do que a última variante

TEXTO:
Juliana Contaifer

IMAGENS:
GettyImages, Unsplash,
Hugo Barreto/Metrópoles e Arte/Metrópoles